Robots have become a significant part of our daily life nowadays. This article would mainly study how robot navigation works and why it is so popular nowadays. Nowadays, robots have become a part of various industries like space, transportation, defense, and many more. Mobile robots are also known to perform various functions like managing a disaster and different emergency and rescue events. Robots are also used on platforms for extensive searches, for example, a system to search for patents and trademarks.
Robots need a safe and smooth environment to travel freely from the start position to the main goal. This safe travel is ensured by robot navigation. There are various navigation techniques to ensure this on a dynamic and static level. Robot navigation can be defined as the robot’s own ability to decide upon a path and orientation within its “frame of reference” to reach its goal. Three factors form the main base for mobile navigation and obstacle avoidance: The first one is self-localization; the second method is path planning. The last approach is map building and interpretation.
There are various navigation methods like Voronoi graph, grids, visibility graphs, “Artificial Potential Field method,” etc. There are three broad categories of algorithms of mobile navigation: the first and foremost is the deterministic algorithm, then comes the non-deterministic algorithm and the last one in the list is the evolutionary algorithm. This is the overall general classification of algorithms. Under these three broad categories come other forms of algorithms as well. Navigation is a very significant task, and it can be on a global or a local basis.